AI Policy

News @news · 2026-07-22

The triumphs and tragedies of fandom: Emotional arcs in NFL tweets

Online fandom communities influence public opinion toward movies, musicians, and sports teams. Using a corpus of game-referencing tweets, we measure variation in sentiment toward National Football League (NFL) teams driven by geography, game outcomes, and team performance for the 2011--2014 NFL seasons. We estimate a fandom radius for each team, identifying regions where engagement exceeds background levels of discussion. We find sentiment for both winning and losing teams is positive immediatel

Quick take

Researchers analyzed NFL tweets from 2011-2014, finding sentiment for teams is positive before games, drops at kickoff, and diverges after halftime, with winning teams' sentiment increasing and losing teams' remaining low. A weak positive relationship exists between team win percentage and fandom happiness. Team success influences but does not solely determine fan discussion on social media.

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